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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
Finland: Government
</title>
<article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Finland
Government</hdr><body>
<list>
<l>Names:</l>
<l> conventional long form: Republic of Finland</l>
<l> conventional short form: Finland</l>
<l> local long form: Suomen Tasavalta</l>
<l> local short form: Suomi</l>
</list>
<p>Digraph: FI
</p>
<p>Type: republic
</p>
<p>Capital: Helsinki
</p>
<p>Administrative divisions: 12 provinces (laanit, singular -
laani); Ahvenanmaa, Hame, Keski-Suomi, Kuopio, Kymi, Lappi,
Mikkeli, Oulu, Pohjois-Karjala, Turku ja Pori, Uusimaa, Vaasa
</p>
<p>Independence: 6 December 1917 (from Soviet Union)
</p>
<p>Constitution: 17 July 1919
</p>
<p>Legal system: civil law system based on Swedish law; Supreme
Court may request legislation interpreting or modifying laws;
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
</p>
<p>National holiday: Independence Day, 6 December (1917)
</p>
<p>Political parties and leaders:
</p>
<p> government coalition: Center Party, Esko AHO; National
Coalition (conservative) Party, Perti SALOLAINEN; Swedish
People's Party, (Johan) Ole NORRBACK; Finnish Christian League,
Toimi KANKAANNIEMI
</p>
<p> other parties: Social Democratic Party, Antero KEKKONEN,
Acting Chairman; Leftist Alliance (Communist) People's
Democratic League and Democratic Alternative, Claes ANDERSON;
Green League, Pekka SAURI; Rural Party, Tina MAKELA; Liberal
People's Party, Kalle MAATTA
</p>
<p>Other political or pressure groups: Finnish Communist
Party-Unity, Yrjo HAKANEN; Constitutional Rightist Party;
Finnish Pensioners Party; Communist Workers Party, Timo
LAHDENMAKI
</p>
<p>Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
</p>
<p>Elections:
</p>
<p> President: last held 31 January - 1 February and 15 February
1988 (next to be held January 1994); results - Mauno KOIVISTO
48%, Paavo VAYRYNEN 20%, Harri HOLKERI 18%
</p>
<p> Parliament: last held 17 March 1991 (next to be held March
1995); results - Center Party 24.8%, Social Democratic Party
22.1%, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 19.3%, Leftist
Alliance (Communist) 10.1%, Green League 6.8%, Swedish People's
Party 5.5%, Rural 4.8%, Finnish Christian League 3.1%, Liberal
People's Party 0.8%; seats - (200 total) Center Party 55, Social
Democratic Party 48, National Coalition (Conservative) Party 40,
Leftist Alliance (Communist) 19, Swedish People's Party 12,
Green League 10, Finnish Christian League 8, Rural 7, Liberal
People's Party 1
</p>
<p>Executive branch: president, prime minister, deputy prime
minister, Council of State (Valtioneuvosto)
</p>
<p>Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament (Eduskunta)
</p>
<p>Judicial branch: Supreme Court (Korkein Oikeus)
</p>
<p>Leaders:
</p>
<p> Chief of State: President Mauno KOIVISTO (since 27 January
1982)
</p>
<p> Head of Government: Prime Minister Esko AHO (since 26 April
1991); Deputy Prime Minister Ilkka KANERVA (since 26 April 1991)
</p>
<p>Member of: AfDB, AG (observer), AsDB, Australia Group, BIS,
CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, COCOM (cooperating country), CSCE, EBRD,
ECE, EFTA, ESA (associate), FAO, G-9, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD,
ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT,
INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, MTCR, NAM
(guest), NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, PCA, UN,
UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM,
UNMOGIP, UNOSOM, UNPROFOR, UNTSO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
</p>
<list>
<l>Diplomatic representation in US:</l>
<l> chief of mission: Ambassador Jukka VALTASAARI</l>
<l> chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC
20016</l>
<l> telephone: (202) 363-2430</l>
<l> FAX: (202) 363-8233</l>
<l> consulates general: Los Angeles and New York</l>
<l> consulates: Chicago and Houston</l>
</list>
<list>
<l>US diplomatic representation:</l>
<l> chief of mission: Ambassador John H. KELLY</l>
<l> embassy: Itainen Puistotie 14A, SF-00140, Helsinki</l>
<l> mailing address: APO AE 09723</l>
<l> telephone: [358] (0) 171931</l>
<l> FAX: [358] (0) 174681</l>
</list>
<p>Flag: white with a blue cross that extends to the edges of the
flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist
side in the style of the DANNEBROG (Danish flag)
</p></body></article></text>